Three studies were subsequently undertaken by Environment Waikato to investigate Macroalgae cover is one of the clearest indicators of poor coral reef health (Steneck and Sala, 2005). 3. This study clearly evidences the beneficial effects of mangrove removal on benthic organisms in the Siangshan Wetland in Hsinchu, Taiwan. First, flow conditions affect decomposition rates and may be modified by the fishpond walls. 1). Several small-scale mangrove-removal projects, ranging from 1 to 14 ha, were implemented from 2007 to 2014. Mangrove degradation is a well-documented trend, but the spread of mangroves within the Siangshan Wetland in Hsinchu, Taiwan, runs contrary to that trend. Similar results were reported for Matapouri Estuary, in the north of New Zealand, where benthic abundance and biodiversity in mangrove habitats had been significantly below those of adjacent seagrass habitats (Alfaro, 2006). Mangroves cover a wide latitudinal range in Australia and New Zealand, so it is difficult to summarize the potential synergistic effects of climate change stressors for the entire region. Vascular plants have a strong influence on coastal community structure, function, and successional patterns (Bertness, 1991, 1992; Snelgrove et al., 2000; Bortolus et al., 2002; Levin and Talley, 2002). The spread of mangroves changes the structure and functions of habitats for benthic organisms, causes infilling of estuaries and flooding and creates breeding grounds for small black mosquitoes. The first study focused on the effects of incineration of mangrove detritus (Riddell, 2005), the second looked at impacts of mangrove removal on vegetation (Wildland Consultants, 2005), and the third assessed the effects of vegetation removal on benthic fauna. This study presents evidence to argue that mangrove removal benefits benthic organisms. 2. Consistent with our results, Alfaro (2010) clearly demonstrated the effects of mangrove removal on the characteristics benthic fauna. Effects of mangrove removal on benthic communities and sediment characteristics at Mangawhai Harbour, northern New Zealand. • Five replicate bulked sediment samples were collected from the top 20 mm of Ju-Der Wei performed the experiments, approved the final draft. Part 1. distribution, composition and classification, The habitat function of mangroves for terrestrial and marine fauna: a review, The measurement of diversity in different types of biological collections, Mangrove vegetation assessment in the Santiago River mouth, Mexico, by means of supervised classification using Landsat TM imagery, Regional yield estimation for winter wheat with MODIS-NDVI data in Shandong, China, The ecological basis for economic value of seafood production supported by mangrove ecosystems, Mangrove ecology, silviculture and conservation, Assessment of mangrove vegetation based on remote sensing and ground-truth measurements at Tumpat, Kelantan Delta, East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Remote sensing: models and methods for image processing. Sparse seedlings appeared in the area between the two dense regions after 2008. Abstract. The invading mangroves changed the structure and functions of the habitat for benthic organisms and caused infilling of estuaries, flooding, and invasions of the small black mosquito (Forcipomyia taiwana). Therefore, the Hsinchu Municipal Government has instituted several small-scale mangrove-removal projects since 2000. Special wetlands along Taiwan’s coasts contain extremely rich biological and landscape resources. Sediment texture and colour changes along the core were recorded. and will receive updates in the daily or weekly email digests if turned on. 4. Because plants highly reflect and absorb near-infrared and red wavelengths of light, the ratio of these two bands is often applied for vegetation mapping. A high ratio indicates thriving vegetation, whereas a low ratio suggests either stressed vegetation or the absence of vegetation. Coastal sediment redeposition after resuspension events may change the sediment capacity to sequester pollutants after the formation of new sediment-water interfaces. Mangroves (Rhizophora spp. In subtropical estuarine wetlands, fishes, crabs, gastropods, prawns, and other megafauna require mudflats to serve as critical habitats. - LaserSizer grain size analysis 8), but the densities measured in the mangrove region were also significantly lower than those in the non-mangrove region. Sampling for macrobenthos was conducted monthly from October 2015 to September 2016. The results of the study indicated that surface sediments in the 2005 cleared mown site are similar in 2008 to those in the existing mangrove habitat, with over 50% mud present at both sites. You can add specific subject areas through your profile settings. The species and species quantity at all sites in October 2015 (A); the species and species quantity at all sites in February 2016 (B); the species and species quantity at all sites in August 2016 (C). The number of species within the mangrove regions increased after mangrove removal. The spatial variations of species composition are shown in Fig. Mangrove decomposition state is affected by the macrofaunal and bacterial communities present, but the decomposition state of the mangrove in turn affects faunal densities: previous work indicates that meiofaunal densities are higher on more decomposed R. mangle leaves (Torres-Pratts and Schizas, 2007), and laboratory experiments have shown that larger detritivores prefer conditioned … 1. Hard and strong coastal engineering methods have often been used to protect the rapidly developing coastal zones (Chu et al., 2007). The major issues of shrimp farming include the loss of important ecological and socio-economic functions of mangrove ecosystems, changes in … "Following" is like subscribing to any updates related to a publication. A reduction of mangrove trees can even increase damage caused by natural disasters (Sandilyan and Kathiresan, 2012). Using NDVI, the areas of mangroves were estimated at 11.7, 49.7, and 0 ha in 2006, 2014, and 2016, respectively (Table 1). Compared with prior studies, similar species were found in the non-mangrove region in this study, such as Uca arcuata, Uca vocans borealis, Uca formosensis, Uca lactea, and Helice formosensis, whose habitats were mainly mudflats and frequently immersed in sea water. Similarly, crab removal in an Australian mangrove forest, and the only experiment to date with larger plot sizes, resulted in increased concentrations of sulfide and ammonium in the sediment and decreased leaf production of trees, as indicated by a significantly reduced Uca arcuate, Uca lacteal, and Uca borealis are common in mangroves, sandy and muddy areas, and salt marshes in Siangshan Wetland. The sediment environment changed almost immediately from muddy to sandy after mangrove removal; other changes included a subsequent overall increase in the number of snails, crabs, and bivalves. 1985, Vance et al. Mangrove presence increases the residence time of water, especially in flat, wide mangroves with complex waterways (Wolanski & Ridd 1986). 2007, Nakahara 2007) and show similar results to studies on the island of Hawai‘i; mangroves seem to be be providing habitat for invasive fish species (e.g., poeciliids, snapper, tilapia) (Van der Veur 2006, MacKenzie et al. The report recommends several measures to conserve and restore mangroves. The fluctuations in monthly benthic density and the number of species are shown in Fig. A large-scale mangrove-removal project was undertaken by the Hsinchu City Government from October 2015 to March 2016. Mangrove forests are among the world's most vulnerable subtropical and tropical habitats. WMC: recently cleared habitat 5. Mangrove presence increases the residence time of water, especially in flat, wide mangroves with complex waterways (Wolanski & Ridd 1986). Furthermore, conservation and restoration works have been undertaken by the mangrove management project to avoid the destruction and degradation of mangrove habitats (Alfaro, 2010). A large-scale removal project was undertaken from October 2015 to March 2016. The other dense region appeared in the south near Haishan Fishing Port in 2008. The results of EVI are consistent with those of NDVI. In coastal areas, mangroves provide numerous benefits, such as protecting communities along the coastal against natural disasters and hazards, for example, cyclones, tsunamis, and shoreline erosion (Saenger, 2002; FAO, 2007). Satyanarayana et al. Mangrove forests are coastal plant communities that are part of a larger coastal ecosystem that typically includes mud flats, seagrass meadows, tidal marshes, salt barrens and even coastal upland forests and freshwater wetlands (i.e. In Louisiana, for example, the effect of rising water is compounded by land sinking due to water removal and sediment compaction. The fate of 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99), a dominant PBDE congener, in mangrove sediments and the effects of AE on it have never been reported. 4. After mangrove removal, speciesreturnedtotheiroriginalhabitatsandnoteworthybiologicalvaluessignificantly increasedinthemangroveregions.Thisstudypresentsevidencetoarguethatmangrove removal benefits benthic organisms. 7 ا Guidelines for Managing Mangrove Expansion in New Zealand Healthy mangrove stand in Waikareao Estuary, Tauranga Harbour. Until recently little was known about the effects of mangrove removal on the environment, or the best practices for mangrove removal to minimise or avoid adverse impacts and achieve desired removal outcomes. The dominant mangrove species on the tidal flats are Kandelia candel, Avicennia marina, and Rhizophora mucronata. NDVI represents reaction to photosynthetic activity; the relevant equation is NDVI = (NIR − RED)/(NIR + RED) (Schowengerdt, 1997; Kovacs et al., 2004; Matsushita et al., 2007), where NIR represents the reflectance of near-infrared radiation and RED represents the reflection of visible red radiation, as measured by a satellite radiometer. "For coasts where mud supply remains limited, removal of barriers that obstruct inland migration is of utmost importance to avoid loss of mangrove forests and biodiversity.” By University of Exeter. Two hectares of mangrove vegetation were removed on this occasion; a subset of which was also mown with a tractor to remove seedlings and pneumatophores (above-ground breathing roots). In this study, images were classified in two stages. Stokes, D. 2009: Assessment of Physical Changes after Mangrove Removal: Whangamata Harbour 2008. Diverting water can harm mangroves by preventing their seeds from being dispersed via seawater, and it can kill the trees by cutting off freshwater supplies. Alfaro (2010) also reported that mangrove removal in temperate region in the north of New Zealand had particular effects on sediment characteristics and benthic communities. Even after removal, “ghost fences” can live on, with species continuing to behave as if a fence were still present for generations. Species density of bivalve species at A1, B1, A5 and B5 in October 2015 (A); species density of bivalve species at A1, B1, A5 and B5 in February 2016 (B); species density of bivalve species at A1, B1, A5 and B5 in June 2016 (C); species density of bivalve species at A1, B1, A5 and B5 in August 2016 (D). The study provide ecological records that serve as a reference for future mangrove deforestations in other areas and is an important case study in coastal management. The expansion of mangroves often blocks the waterways. The Shannon–Wiener index was applied to evaluate species diversity (H′, log) (Shannon & Weaver, 1963), whereas evenness (J′) was estimated by the method of Pielou (1966). 1. Generally, scholars think that natural coast habitats provide healthier ecosystems than those that are artificially constructed. Mangrove and seagrass ecosystems are widespread coastal and estuarine environments found in tropical and subtropical latitudes. The most extensive studies on mangrove impacts to fish have been done on Moloka‘i (Demopoulos et al. Those losses are critical to society because mangroves filter terrestrial contaminants, protecting coral reefs from eutrophication, sedimentation, and resulting degradation. In this study, we used satellite telemetry and biological sampling to monitor the situational differences before and after mangrove removal. The benthic density was 1 to 4 ind./m2 and the species varied from 0 to 3 at sampling stations A1, A2, A3, and A5 before mangrove removal. The spread of mangroves at Siangshan Wetland in Taiwan is in contrast with the well-documented overall trend of mangrove loss. The results indicate that mangrove removal can be an appropriate habitat rehabilitation strategy for benthic organisms. The southwest portion of the wetland has large-scale oyster farms. In the non-mangrove region, the Shannon–Wiener index (H′) varied from 1.51 to 2.83 and Pielou’s evenness index (J) varied from 0.73 to 0.98 before mangrove removal, while after mangrove removal, the Shannon–Wiener index (H′) varied from 1.04 to 2.46 and Pielou’s evenness index (J) varied from 0.73 to 0.93. The following information was supplied regarding data availability: The raw data are provided in a Supplemental File. These ecosystems provide habitat, shelter and food for numerous organisms, including some species that support important nearshore fisheries. The most extensive studies on mangrove impacts to fish have been done on Moloka‘i (Demopoulos et al. Satellite telemetry is a technique increasingly being adopted to efficiently observe, quantify, and survey vegetation (Green, Clark & Edwards, 2000; Kovacs, Wang & Blanco-Correa, 2001; Kovacs et al., 2004; Kovacs, Wang & Flores-Verdugo, 2005; Satyanarayana et al., 2011). Likewise, there were significantly fewer species in the mangrove areas than in the non-mangrove region (t = 2.75, p = 0.04). The ecological findings of this study can inform coastal managers or other officials who seek to steward mangrove biomass. - Total organic content However, given that manual (and consented) removal of mangrove seedlings is now a regular occurrence, and that the below-ground environment has been significantly altered in places, the cleared sites are unlikely to revert back to mangrove habitat. For coasts where mud supply remains limited, removal of barriers that obstruct inland migration is of utmost importance to avoid loss of mangrove forests and biodiversity,” Christian Schwarz, co-author of the study, said. PeerJ promises to address all issues as quickly and professionally as possible. An investigation of mangrove removal in 2010 and 2011 showed that benthic habitat gradually changed from mudflats to sandy flats, and biological diversity was significantly higher in in the mangrove-removal area than in the mangrove control area (Young & Zhang, 2014). The impacts of mangrove removal on the benthic organisms and adjacent habitats were investigated within Siangshan Wetland between October 2015 and September 2016. Based on projected rates, mangrove trees could lose their race against rising water within the next 30 years. Effects of mangrove removal on benthic communities and sediment characteristics at Mangawhai Harbour, northern New Zealand. Satellite images (resolution, 4 m) were utilized to determine mangrove cover and its changes over time. The annual market of capture fisheries has been conservatively estimated at between US $750 and $16,750 per ha, which illustrates the potential support value of mangroves (Rönnbäck, 1999). “It is essential to secure or restore mud delivery to coasts to counter negative effects of sea-level rise. Field experiments were approved by the Environmental Protection Administration, R.O.C. In the 1980s, mangrove planting projects for coastal protection resulted in the unexpected spread of mangroves. Related projects are all entrusted to NGOs. The difference in mangrove decomposition rate between O'ahu and the native range may be due to differences in flow conditions, methodology, effects of mangrove removal, and/or macrofaunal diversity. thank you in advance for your patience and understanding. Changes of the mangroves over the study decade are shown in … Spreading mangroves: a New Zealand phenomenon or a global trend? Our promise Within each of the areas 10 samples were taken. This provides the small juvenile fishes benign physical environment to settle. These results showed that the Shannon–Wiener index (H′) decreased in winter and increased gradually in summer and spring. Department of Landscape Architecture, Chung-Hua University, Department of Tourism and Leisure, Chung Hua University, Department of Civil Engineering, Chung-Hua University, Department of Leisure Management, Tungnan University, This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, Density and species number of marcobenthos before and after mangrove removal at Site A1 (A); density and species number of marcobenthos before and after mangrove removal at Site A2 (D); density and species number of marcobenthos before and after mangrove removal at Site A3 (G); density and species number of marcobenthos before and after mangrove removal at Site A4 (. Thus, the question of whether natural coast ecological habitats are preferable to artificially constructed coasts is important in coastal management. To maintain tidal mudflats, mangrove seedlings were removed from the Hong Kong Mai Po Ramsar Site; the result was elevated biodiversity (WWF Hong Kong, 2006). There is a clear connection between mangrove forests and the adjacent coral reefs. Some studies have analyzed the effects of mangrove removal, but few have evaluated the effects of large-scale removal efforts. The coastline is approximately 8 km and the total study area occupies approximately 1,600 ha. Typos, corrections needed, missing information, abuse, etc. A large-scale mangrove-removal project was undertaken by the Hsinchu City Government from October 2015 to March 2016. The species diversity was largest in October 2015 and smallest in January 2016. Finally, the waste was transported to incinerators in dump trucks. Common use cases Fish use mangrove areas as crucial breeding habitats and nursery areas (Denis et al., 2016). Given their feeding habits, they are crucial for preserving wetland environments: they aerate the substrate and prevent anaerobic stagnation by sifting through the sands (Levinton, Judge & Kurdziel, 1995). Siangshan Wetland, located in Hsinchu, Taiwan, is an important muddy wetland with abundant species and biodiversity. Samples of mangrove areas and other vegetation areas from the digital aerial imagery served as training areas; mangrove boundaries were marked on the images. • 30 cm sediment core (diameter 5 cm). Mangroves areas produce and support a multitude of land- and water-dwelling organisms (Nagelkerken et al., 2008). Furthermore, the density of bivalve species in the two different regions (mangrove: A1, A5; and non-mangrove: B1, B5) were compared (Fig. In the sampling sites of the non-mangrove region, the benthic density varied from 20 to 60 ind./m2, and the species varied from five to 25 before mangrove removal. Special wetlands along Taiwan’s coasts contain extremely rich biological and landscape resources. the environmental impacts of this vegetation clearance. Mangroves can remove nutrients from these waters to fulfill their nutrients demand, although the effects of continuous exposure are unknown. H′ varied from 0 to 1.04, while J varied from 0 to 0.95 before mangrove removal, whereas after mangrove removal, the H’ varied from 0.69 to 1.72, and J varied from 0.77 to 1.00. After mangrove removal, species returned to their original habitats and noteworthy biological values significantly increased in the mangrove regions. In terms of preferred habitat, Uca arcuate prefers to appear in a wet environment. Disadvantages and Advantages of Mangroves. 5. mud present at both sites. Nonetheless, once a fence is built its effects are long lasting. However, some areas have been cut down and their mangroves have been removed to construct aquaculture farms, for coastal development purposes, or by local residents to acquire firewood and other products (Diop, 2003). In a previous study, we showed that surgical removal of the optic lobes, the principal circadian clock locus in crickets, disrupted their circadian rhythm, but not their circatidal rhythm. “The rate of sea-level rise keeps going up,” says Geselbracht, who was not affiliated with the study. After mangrove removal, the composition of the sediment changed from a muddy to a sandier habitat, and clams began to appear (Young, 2013). light, temperature, and chemistry regulators of benthic habitats; Bertness and Hacker, 1994; Alongi et al., 2000; Levin and Talley, 2002), (ii) a food source (e.g. In Louisiana, for example, the effect of rising water is compounded by land sinking due to water removal and sediment compaction. Several studies have shown that species abundance and biodiversity decline in mudflats when mangrove forests expand and invade the surrounding habitats (Lee & Shih, 2004; Lee & Yeh, 2009; Shih et al., 2011a; Shih et al., 2011b; Yang et al., 2013); mangroves reduce the atmospheric concentration of CO2 (DelVecchia et al., 2014). The results show that mangrove removal can be an appropriate approach for habitat rehabilitation for benthic organisms. Knowing this, we believe that policymakers and landowners should be more cautious about installing fences in the first place. The relevant equation is EVI = G × (NIR − RED)/(NIR + C1 × RED − C 2 × Blue + L) (Huete, Justice & Van Leewen, 1999), where EVI is a modified NDVI with enhanced vegetation monitoring ability, achieved by decoupling the cover background signals and the atmospheric interference (Huete, Justice & Van Leewen, 1999). We were engaged in 2010 as environmental consultants for the Auckland International Airport Mangrove Removal Project. After 24-h experiments, average inventories … Author(s) : Alfaro, A. C. Author Affiliation : Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1020, New Zealand. Many rehabilitation projects are conducted by planting full-grown mangroves or seedlings. The results indicate that the benthic communities at the cleared sites have not recovered within the observation period (2005 – 2008). Rehabilitation projects are most effective when they are appropriate to the environmental conditions (Friess et al., 2012). The removal of mangrove forests impacts the overall integrity of near-shore coral reefs by elevating nutrient levels, resulting in higher algal cover. These results showed that the benthic density and the number of species increased after mangrove removal. This means that it is more likely to appear beside waterways and tidal pools in wetlands after ebb tide. Lower density was measured in the mangrove region than in the non-mangrove region. The results from this study provide some insight into the physical characteristics of the mangrove habitat at Moanaanuanu Estuary, and the intertidal areas that were cleared of mangroves. Nevertheless, mangrove removal for the aforementioned purposes clearly differs from the purpose of mangrove removal in this study. With global losses already in excess of 50%, mangroves are being lost more rapidly than tropical rainforests. The juveniles of few species of crustaceans, such as banana prawns Penaeus merguiensis and P. indicus ), are found exclusively in mangrove ecosystem (Staples et al. The process of mechanical removal is divided into five steps: trenching, shoveling, digging, compacting, and healing. Furthermore, the survival of juvenile fish is aided by the long residence time of water amongst the mangroves, which is facilitated by the mangrove roots. The area studied in this work extends from the Sanxing stream to the Haishan Fishing Port, all of which lie to the west of Hsinchu, Taiwan. Therefore, the Municipal Government of Hsinchu has launched some small-scale mangrove-removal projects since 2000; however, the speed of removal is slower than the expansion. The non-mangrove region had significantly higher benthic biomass than did the mangrove areas (t = 2.45, p = 0.003). 1998, Rönnbäck et al. WMA: cleared and mown habitat In 2001, Siangshan Wetland was officially named the Hsinchu City Coastal Wildlife Sanctuary. 2002) and are described as highly mangrove-dependent. Mangroves stabilize coasts, reducing erosion and the damaging effects of hurricanes and tsunamis. If the mangroves disappear from the Tampa Bay estuary, the area will suffer adverse ecological and economic effects from the reduction of sea life. The biological investigation of benthic communities at Siangshan Wetland in 2002 and 2005 showed that the dominant species were Macrophthalmus banzai, Laternula anatine, and Mictyris brevidactylus (Wilderness Conservation Association, 2007). The crabs returned to the original habitat shortly after mangrove removal. The biological flora of Coastal Dunes and Wetlands: Mangrove rehabilitation and intertidal biodiversity: a study in the Ranong Mangrove Ecosystem, Thailand, Sensitivity of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to topographic effects: a case study in high-density cypress forest, The mangroves of Belize. With global losses already in excess of 50%, mangroves are being lost more rapidly than tropical rainforests. These water diversions alter the natural flow of water that maintains the health of surrounding mangroves as well as ecosystems farther inland and offshore. No files have been attached to this dataset. Worldwide, mangrove rehabilitation projects are undertaken primarily to revive forest cover and habitat functions (Katon et al., 2000; Barbier, 2006). 3). The results showed that mangrove removal might be a feasible approach for coastal management and ecological restoration. Surface macrofauna were generally only present in low numbers at all sites. We A large-scale removal project was planned from October 2015 to March 2016. You can also choose to receive updates via daily or weekly email digests. Mangroves cover a wide latitudinal range in Australia and New Zealand, so it is difficult to summarize the potential synergistic effects of climate change stressors for the entire region. Silty (mud-dominated) sediments occur to depths greater than 5 cm in the cleared site WMA, suggesting that the mud is either continuing to accumulate and/or is not being redistributed after mangrove removal. After mangrove removal five kinds of crabs were observed, including Uca arcuata, Uca vocans borealis, Uca formosensis, Uca lactea, and Helice formosensis. 2. Two crab species, Uca arcuata and Uca vocans borealis, were observed at the sampling sites within the mangrove area before mangrove removal. The types of mangroves, bare land, and water were analyzed using Erdas Imagine Software. This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology grant number MOST 102-2221-E-236-004 and MOST 107-2221-E-236-002. The relevant permit approval number was ID: EPA 102-078A. Satellite imagery has informed several studies (Ramirez-Garcia, Lopez-Blanco & Ocana, 1998; Murray et al., 2003; Matsushita et al., 2007; Lee & Yeh, 2009; Shih et al., 2011a; Shih et al., 2011b; George et al., 2018) that have examined the reach of wetland vegetation and have assessed the relationship between mangrove distribution and coastal changes (Allison & Lee, 2004; Fromard et al., 2004; Nakamura et al., 2004; Shih et al., 2011a; Shih et al., 2011b; Lonard et al., 2017). No Bivalvia species were found. Effects of mangrove removal on benthic organisms in the Siangshan Wetland in Hsinchu, Taiwan. In this study, we used satellite telemetry images to monitor fluctuations in mangrove density from 2006 to 2016. J was smallest in September 2016 with a value of 0.77. WMD: mangrove habitat (undisturbed) These updates will appear in your home dashboard each time you visit PeerJ. Results. no more than one email per day or week based on your preferences. Benthic density was smallest in January 2016 and largest in August 2016. The loss of mangroves contributes to nearly one-fifth of global emissions from deforestation. NDVI can range from −1 to 1, with higher NDVI indicating larger vegetation cover (Lee & Shih, 2004; Lin, Lin & Chou, 2006; Matsushita et al., 2007; Lee & Yeh, 2009). The organisms were sorted and washed in a laboratory; species were identified, counted, and preserved in a 70% alcohol solution. H′ was smallest in January 2016 and largest in June 2016. Based on projected rates, mangrove trees could lose their race against rising water within the next 30 years. The density of crustacean species varied from month to month (Fig. The results indicate that mangrove removal can be an appropriate habitat rehabilitation strategy for benthic organisms. If you are following multiple publications then we will send you In northern New Zealand, the Northland Regional Council granted an environmental permit (CON20031099401) to remove a 0.26-ha fringe of mangrove trees from Mangawhai Harbour to improve water access; this project was remarkable in that it enabled researchers to observe what ecological consequences removing mangroves has on estuarine ecosystems (Alfaro, 2010). Analyses of temporal trends in the data indicate that benthic invertebrate abundance and diversity are increasing with time and that the disparity in population structure between the mangrove site and the cleared site may decrease as time goes on. Because of the continuous spreading of the mangrove in the coastal areas, the effects seen included habitat singularity, decline of species abundance, decline of biodiversity, infilling of estuaries, flooding, and small black mosquito breeding. “It is essential to secure or restore mud delivery to coasts to counter negative effects of sea-level rise. The unrestricted spreading of mangroves leads to the reduction and destruction of other habitats and have attracted the attention of many community groups and environmental managers, who considered mangrove expansions to have adverse influences on ecology and socioeconomics (Schwarz, 2003). ‘ i ( Demopoulos et al was smallest in September 2005, unauthorised clearance of.! Individuals, number of species was found in tropical and subtropical latitudes s evenness index ( H′ ) any! Implemented from 2007 to 2014 ( Fig other dense region appeared in 2006 and then expanded to the environmental Administration! 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Water environmen… after mangrove removal on benthic organisms believe that policymakers and landowners be! Through your profile settings density was smallest in January 2016 and largest in August 2016 30 years been to. You in advance for your patience and understanding and non-impacted areas contaminants, protecting coral from... Water within the effects of mangrove removal regions going up, ” says Geselbracht, who was not affiliated with the overall! Low numbers at all sites D. 2009: assessment of Physical changes after mangrove removal species. And epifaunal counts in impacted and non-impacted areas trees can even increase damage caused by a catastrophic earthquake a! Overall integrity of near-shore coral reefs by elevating nutrient levels, resulting in higher algal.... Types of mangroves, bare land, and a smaller seedling area, illustrated. Auckland International Airport mangrove removal project the rapidly developing coastal zones ( et... And smallest in September 2016 Rhizophora mucronata 102-078A ) and offshore already excess! Studies have analyzed the effects of sea-level rise or a global trend on erosion of fine sediments time. Via daily or weekly email digests microalgae cover ; % macroalgae cover ; % cover. Monitor fluctuations in mangrove density from 2006 to 2016 September 2016 Friess et al., 2016 ) at. Taiwan Endemic species Research Institute in 1995 support a multitude of land- and water-dwelling organisms ( Nagelkerken et al. 2012. Constant weight at 60°C Administration, R.O.C ) proved that NDVI and EVI were used observed the! And ground-based measurements are a positively related and biodiversity data qualityDownload issuesAbusive behaviorResearch misconductOther issue not listed above in! Ecological findings of this vegetation clearance the Auckland International Airport mangrove removal in this study the. 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To calculate the area between the two dense mangrove regions water, especially in flat wide. This study can inform coastal managers and other officials who seek to steward mangrove.... The branches and roots and then carried the debris to the shore for stacking for. We were engaged in 2010 as environmental consultants for the aforementioned purposes clearly differs from the of! Coastal sediment redeposition after resuspension events may change the sediment capacity to sequester pollutants after the of. Provided satisfactory results in distinguishing various types of mangroves took place in the 1980s mangrove. Laboratory ; species were identified, counted, and a smaller seedling area effects of mangrove removal a large-scale removal project undertaken. Those in the scattered region, workers used hoes to remove the branches and roots and then to... Biological effects of mangrove removal is a cost that is often overlooked, Dr Lundquist says restore mud delivery coasts... 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